Monday, June 16, 2014

The Employment Of The Armed Wagon In The First World War

September 15 th 1916, with the crews not trained still, 32 wagons were envoys against the German trenches, within the battle of the Sums. Contrarily to the opinion, not only of the experts, but also of the French allies, the British Greatest State didn't want to wait for to have an enough number of wagons to use them in mass. After few meters from the bases of departure the 50% of the wagons had been destroyed, and also those that arrived on the hostile trenches, despite the terror that they induced in the German infantries, thing that a great number of the normal one of prisoners provoked, didn't succeed in getting decisive results.
Meanwhile the French Greatest State was planning other models of armed wagon, among which also one with a rotating turret (the Renault FT -17), while the German Greatest State put in the yard one project of his for an armed wagon, with a more architecture similar to the British models. This wagon took the name A7V, from it initials her/it of the special (secret) committee installed for studying the problem.
However, before the German armed wagon was usable (17 December 1917), the armed wagon had shown its tactical value in the battle of Cambrai. In this battle, for the first time, the armed wagons were used in mass, attaching on November 20 with 400 wagons on a front of 8 km. The attack was not preceded by the usual bombardment of artillery, and taken therefore of surprised the German commands, that you/they saw to sprout from a smoke curtain the graceless outlines of the wagons, that terrorized the infantries, followed by the English infantrymen that completed the work.

This battle taught to the commands military European two things: what the wagons had to have employed in considerable number and that the infantry had to cooperate with the wagons; in the succession of the battle of Cambrai the defenders succeeded in restoring only the line of defense after having isolated the wagons from the hostile (the wagons owed stay on the objectives waiting for the infantry, that also arrived with delays of three hours towards the wagons) infantry. The commanders of the divisions, arrived after the infantry, they decided that the hostile fire was excessive and they gave the order to the wagons to refold. The battle extended him for other six days, but by now a clash of infantries and artilleries you/he/she had become: the wagons had opened the breach, but this had not been exploited.

By now it was clear that the armed wagons were a fundamental component for the war effort of the agreement, and up to the end of the war it were developed on the field the new doctrines of employment. In the meantime also the German had sent their wagons to the front, and April 24 th 1918 happened the first clash among wagons armed with the history, during the second battle of Villers-Bretonneux.
The origin of the clash was a typical battle of meeting, in fact the German command had organized an attack finalized only to bring the road knot of Villers-Bretonneux under the draught of the artillery and, missing of infantry, you/he/she had sent 15 wagons A7V to support of the infantry.

A group of 3 German armed wagons met a group of Tank Mk IV English of which a solo furnished of guns, this immediately hocked the enemy destroying well soon a German wagon with a draught from 350 ms, while the others two were hidden from the fog. The other two wagons withdrew him before reaching contact with the enemy. It was the first time that an armed wagon was destroyed by another armed wagon. In the pursuance of the fight, when they were busy also the other German wagons, also the British suffered losses.

The armed wagon was not employed during the first world war on the Italian front, considering that the front was primarily of mountain. The only present armed wagons in Italy at the end of the war were 7 Renault FT-17 to Verona, used for the training.

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